Systematic review of studies reporting on progression-free survival as surrogate endpoint for overall survival in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

Systematic review of the literature was carried out to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among patients being treated for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). A total of 31 RCTs (56 treatment arms, 10,450 patients) published from 2006 to 2022 were included. The average median PFS and median OS were 7.1 months (SD 5.5) and 28.1 months (SD 11.8), respectively. There was a consistent positive correlation between median PFS and median OS. In individual treatment arms of RRMM trial, each 1-month increase in median PFS was associated with a 1.72-month (95% CI 1.26-2.17) increase in median OS. The authors conclude that these finding substantiate the use of PFS to predict OS in RRMM.