Swedish cohort studies of association between Anti-Inflammatory Diet Index and risk of renal cell carcinoma

A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, coffee, and tea, limited red meats, and moderate alcohol intake may reduce the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Pooled analysis of the Swedish-Mammography-Cohort and the Cohort-of-Swedish-Men scored baseline diets of participants with the Anti-Inflammatory Diet Index (AIDI) based on 96-item food frequency questionnaires. Among 71,421 participants, 431 RCC cases were identified during 19.7 year of follow-up. Higher AIDI scores were associatied with a lower RCC risk: Q4 versus Q1: HR 0.68; 95% CI 0.52-0.89); the association was stronger among women (0.47; 0,30-0.75) than among men (0.83; 0.63-1.24). The authors conclude that these data suggest that adherence to an anti-inflammatory diet may confer a reduced risk of RCC, especially among women.