SEER database analysis of trends in outcomes of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, 2000-2019

Since the introduction of BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in 2000, the treatment of Ph-positive CML has improved significantly. Analysis of the SEER database investigated outcomes of Ph-positive CML in the United States diagnosed from 2000 to 2019. The five-year overall survival rates increased from less than 50% in the pre-TKI era to 73% for patients diagnosed in 2000-2004, 82% in 2005-2009, and 78% in 2010-2014, while the four-year OS rate was 83% in 2015-2019. Lower household income was associated with inferior survival. These results are inferior to studies in Europe, where TKIs are universally available and affordable, and relative OS in CML is similar to age-matched normal populations.