Rise in early-onset cancer in the US population: apparent or real?

Rising rates of early-onset cancer have generated substantial media coverage and public concern. In a special communication in JAMA Internal Medicine, dr. Gilbert Welch (Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA) et al state that the rise in early-onset cancer incidence does not consistently signal a rise in the occurrence of clinically meaningful cancer. Much of the increase appears to reflect increased diagnostic scrutiny and overdiagnosis. Interpreting rising incidence as an epidemic of disease may lead to unnecessary screening and treatment while also diverting attention frrm other more pressing health trends in young adults.