Retrospective study of incidence of and risk factors for cutaneous malignant neoplasms after blood or marrow transplant

Cutaneous malignant neoplasms are the most common subsequent neoplasms after blood or marrow transplant (BMT). Analysis of the retrospective BMT Survivor Study at City of Hope, University of Minnesota, and University of Alabama at Birmingham investigated incidence of and risk factors for cutaneous neoplasms after BMT. In this cohort study of 3880 BMT survivors, the 30-year cumulative incidence of any cutaneous neoplasm was 27.4% (basal cell carcinoma: 18%; squamous cell carcinoma: 9.8%; melanoma: 3.7%). Risk factors included age of 50 years or older at BMT, chronic graft-versus-host disease among allogeneic BMT recipients, pretransplant monoclonal antibody exposure, posttransplant immunosuppression, and site of transplant, while total body irradiation was a risk factor for basal cell carcinoma among participants younger than 50 years at BMT. The authors conclude that the high risk of cutaneous malignant neoplasms suggest a need for personalized patient counseling and posttransplant dermatologic surveillance.