Retrospective cohort study of proton therapy reirradiation for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Use of proton therapy reirradiation (PT-ReRT) for recurrent head and neck cancer is increasing; however, reports are heterogeneous and outcomes can be difficult to interpret. A retrospective cohort study at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY) evaluated PT-ReRT for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The study found 1-year local control of 71.8% and 1-year overall survival of 66.6% for those receiving fractionated PT-ReRT. Among 242 patients, there were 79 potential grade 3, 4 grade 4, and 5 grade 5 late toxic effects. The authors conclude that PT-ReRT for recurrent HNSCC may be associated with improved survival, but the toxic effects may be substantial.