Retrospective cohort study of adjuvant EGFR-TKIs after resection of stage I non-small cell lung cancer with sensitive EGFR mutations

The role of EGFR-TKIs as adjuvant therapy for stage I, especially IA NSCLC, after surgical resection remains unclear. A retrospective cohort study in China compared adjuvant EGFR-TKIs versus observation in completely resected stage I NSCLC. The median duration of follow-up was 78.4 months. After IPTW, disease-free and overall survival were significantly better in the EGFR-TKI group compared with the observation group. A 14-gene assay for stratification of recurrence risk identified patients with low versus intermediate/high risk. Among the low-risk patients, adjuvant EGFR-TKIs were not associated with improved 5-year DFS, while among the intermediate-/high-risk patients, EGFR-TKIs were associated with significant improved 5-year DFS compared with observation.