Registry-based retrospective study of outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for CMML and MDS

A retrospective study in the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantion registry compared outcomes of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) between 2010 and 2018. The median age at alloHCT was higher in the CMML group (60.5 versus 58.8 years; p<0.001) and a higher percentage of the CMML were male (69.4% versus 61.2%). In univariate analysis, overall survival (A), progression-free survival (B), and relapse incidence (C) were significantly worse in CMML versus MDS, whereas no significant difference was observed for non-relapse mortality (D). In multivariate analysis, all four outcomes were significantly worse in CMML versus MDS. The authors conclude that the results of this study may contribute to future recommendation for alloHCT in CML patients.