Prospective trial of radiofrequency ablation with or without toripalimab for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

There is an unmet need for new treatments for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). A prospective trial in China compared second RFA plus toripalimab (anti-PD-1) versus second RFA alone. The median recurrence-free survival was significantly longer in the combination therapy group. There were no statistically significant differences in safety between both groups. The authors conclude that among patients with rHCC who had previously undergone RFA, addition of toripalimab to RFA improved RFS and was safe.