Multicenter phase 3 non-inferiority study of segmentectomy versus lobectomy for small-sized peripheral NSCLC

Lobectomy is the standard of care for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. A multicenter phase 3 non-inferiority trial in Japan compared segmentectomy versus lobectomy for clinical stage IA NSCLC (tumor diameter ≤ 2 cm; consolidation-to-tumor ratio > 0,5). The 5-year overall survival was 94.3% for segmentectomy versus 91.1% for lobectomy (HR 0.663; p<0.0001 for non-inferiority; p=0.0082 for superiority). The authors conclude that these findings suggest that segmentectomy should be the standard surgical procedure for this population.