Multicenter observational study of sex disparities in lung cancer

The French KBP-CPGH observational studies, conducted every 10 years, have shown a significant increase in the proportion of women with lung cancer, rising from 16.0% in 2000 to 34.6% in 2020 (p<0.0001). The KBP-2020 CPHG study investigated differences in clinical, tumor, and prognostic characteristics between women and men. The study included 3095 women and 5846 men diagnosed with primary lung cancer in 2020 across 81 French centers. Smoking was more frequent in men (93.6%) than in women (75.5%). Women were diagnosed at a younger age (median 66.8 versus 68.6 years; p<0.0001) and had slightly better perfomance status (0-1: 76.2% versus 73.7%; p<0.001). Adenocarcinoma predominated in both sexes but was more frequent in women (65.5% versus 51.0%; p<0.0001). Women het better overall survival than men (34.7% versus 23.7% at 4 years; median OS 21.9 versus 12.6 months; p<0.0001). Female sex was associated with improved survival in multivariable analysis (HR 0.79; p<0.0001). This association was no longer significant in a stage IV NSCLC-restricted model including an interaction with first-line treatment.