Meta-analysis of randomized trial of lifetime gained with cancer screening tests

Cancer screening tests are promoted to save life by increasing longevity. However, it is unknown whether people will live longer with commonly used cancer screening tests. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 long-term randomized clinical trials involving 2.1 million individuals, colorectal cancer screening with sigmoidoscopy prolonged lifetime by an average of 110 days, while fecal testing and mammography screening did not prolong life. An extension of 37 days was noted for prostate cancer screening with PSA testing and 107 days with lung cancer screeningusing CT, but these estimates are uncertain. The authors conclude that these findings suggest that CRC screening with sigmoidoscopy may extend life by approximately 3 months; lifetime gain for other screening tests appear to be unlikely or uncertain.