Meta-analysis of global burden of non-Hodgkin lymphoma attributable to HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) significantly increases the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development, yet the population-level impact of HIV on NHL burden has not been quantified. Meta-analysis of five global databases identified 39 publications relevant for the subject. The risk of NHL was significantly increased in the population living with HIV (pooled risk ratio 23.51; p<0.0001). Globally, 6.92% (95% CI 2,18-11.57) of new NHL cases in 2019 were attributable to HIV infection; a more than three-fold increase from 1990. The region of Eastern and Southern Africa was the highest affected region, wit 44.46% (95% CI 19.62-58.57) of new NHL cases attributed to HIV infection. The highest increase in age-standardized incidence rate of NHL due to HIV in the past thirty years was seen in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, with an estimated annual percentage change 8.74% (95% CI 7.66-9.84) from 2010 to 2019. The authors conclude that among populations with HIV the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is significantly increased.