Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is characterized by a strong male predominance. A population-based cohort study in Sweden tested the hypothesis that menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) is associated with decreased risk of EAC. The study included all women who used systemic MHT in Sweden between 2005 and 2018, and for each user five aged-matched non-users. In fully adjusted analysis use of MHT was associated with decreased risk of EAC (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.63-0.98). Decreased risk was seen both in users of estrogen only and estrogen combined with progestogen. The risk reduction was more pronounced in users younger than 60 years (HR 0.57; 95%-bti 0,38-0.86).