Improvements in posttransplant outcomes in older AML patients in the EBMT ALWP study, 2000-2021

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease of older patients, with a median age at diagnosis of 68 years. Improvements over the last 20 years (improved supportive care, newer generation anti-infectious agents, and high-resolution HLA typing) have made allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) a safer option for older patients with AML. Multivariate analysis in the 65 years and older AML patient cohort of the EBMT ALWP study found significant improvements from 2000 to 2021 in relapse incidence, leukemia-free survival, and overall survival, whereas nonrelapse mortality remained stable. The improvements were observed regardless of disease status at alloHCT (first remission, second remission, or active disease). The authors conclude that there have been significant improvements in posttransplant outcomes of older AML patients since the year 2000.