Ezabenlimab and induction chemotherapy followed by adaptive chemoradiotherapy for stage 3 squamous cell anal carcinoma

Standard of care for patients with locally advanced squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) is concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT); however, recurrence rates are high. The multicenter phase 2 INTERACT-ION trial in France evaluated first-line ezabenlimab (anti-PD-1) plus modified docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (mDCF) followed by adaptive CRT in patients with stage 3 SCAC. The study met the primary endpoint of clinical complete response rate and showed promising survival outcomes.