Cross-sectional survey of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward human papillomavirus vaccination among adults in Switzerland

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination prevents several types of cancer; yet adult uptake remains unsatisfactory in many countries. In addition to demographic factors, understanding how individuals’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) are associated with vaccine uptake may support strategies to address coverage gaps. A cross-sectional survey among adults aged 18-45 years in Switzerland investigated vaccination uptake and the association of KAB profiles with vaccination uptake. A total of 3847 adults (9.2% response rate) submitted both a questionnaire and a vaccination record. Latent class analysis revealed HPV vaccination-related KAB profiles associated with differing HPV vaccination status: cluster 1 showed high HPV awareness and perceived importance, cluster 2 showed moderate knowledge and low perceived risk, and cluster 3 showed high uncertainty, with vaccination uptake 41.1%, 13.6%, and 8.1% in these clusters, respectively. Lack of practitioner recommendation was the most common barrier to vaccination across profiles. The authors conclude that beyond demographic factors, tailoring communication and practioner outreach strategies to distinct KAB profiles may helf address remaining HPV vaccination coverage gaps.