Association between PSA screening and prostate cancer mortality among NHB and NHW US veterans

Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) men have higher prostate cancer incidence and mortality than non-Hispanic White (NHW) men. NHB men have been underrepresented in clinical trials of PSA screening; thus, there is a lack of data to guide screening recommendations for this population. Retrospective analysis of data from the US Veterans Health Administration found that among veterans aged 55 to 69 years PSA screening was associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) among NHB and NHW men. Annual screening compared with less frequent screening was associated with reduced risk of PCSM among NHB men but not among NHW men, suggesting that annual screening may be particularly important for NHB men.